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Carson writes this essay informing us about pesticides and chemicals farmers use on their crops that can danger our echo system. The pollution m...
Environment,Pesticides,Pollution,Silent Spring,The National Government are responsible for devising policies and ensuring they are implemented. The UK government is split into two depart...
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Picture this: you are hungry, busy, and don’t really feel like cooking or cleaning. So you dash to the nearest fast food joint and order a fat, ...
Happiness,Health,Brand History Breakfast cereals are not a homogenous product. The ready-to-eat breakfast cereal industry may be characterized by relatively...
BreakfastAdvantages Of Performance AppraisalIt helps the supervisors to chalk out the promotion programs for efficient employees. In this regard...
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The word “beauty” can mean an unlimited amount of things to so many people. Some people see beauty as a woman with a small figure, with her hair...
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Based on the French novel D’Entre les Morts by Pierre Boileau and Thomas Narcejac, Vertigo is arguably one of Alfred Hitchcock’s masterpieces an...
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A Farewell to Arms is a gripping novel that informs the tale of an American soldier, Frederic Henry, in Italy throughout The Great War who is to...
A Farewell to Arms,Farewell,Snow,Weather,Reasons as to why the U.S. Government should continue to fund N.A.S.A’s space program is a huge controversy today. With the ideals that American...
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The holiday of Thanksgiving is a tradition started by the Pilgrims and Indians. Together they shared the fruits of the newly settled America. Th...
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Macbeth by Shakespeare and Lord of the Flies by William Golding have much to state about man’s wicked nature. Both of these works include scenes...
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Hospitality is the process of a relationship and endeavors between the guest and the host that the host acts towards the guest, that includ...
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In my opinion computer is a boon to the mankind.Dear friends can you imagine the world without computers. It would be like the life a 100...
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Land Resources in India envelop approximately 1. 3 million sq miles and is a cape protruding into the Indian Ocean in between the Bay of Be...
IndiaThe communication skills needed in the setting to allow for diversity and meeting the needs of individuals are verbal and non-verbal. The key no...
Children,Communication,Nonverbal Communication,People,IntroductionIn today’s global society, people typically live in places different from where they were born and brought up. Most adult chi...
Relationship,In this essay an effort is made to discern the crucial themes that one can observe in the book “Three Men in a Boat” composed by Jerome K J...
DiseaseIn the movie ‘Antz’, we encountered blatant examples of prejudice based on three societal classifications: race, class, and gender. This movie a...
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The drawbridge exercise have improved the way I think about simple things or scenarios. It has also evoked my creativity on seeing things and ma...
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The “Oka Crisis” often brings to mind the often published, somewhat famous image of the Mohawk warrior whose face is covered with a bandana, dre...
Crisis,Lyndall Urwicks 10 Principles to Management
Lyndall Urwick has been prolific and an enthusiastic writer on the subject of administration and management. His experience covered industry, the armed forces and business consultancy. Like other classical writers, Urwick developed his ‘principle’ on the basis of his own interpretation of the common elements and processes, which he identified in the structure, and operation of organization. In 1952 he produced a consolidated list of ten principles in administration and management. Urwick’s ideas in general were popular because of their commonsense appeal to managers in organization.
In the last decade, however Urwick’s emphasis on purpose and structure has not been able to provide answers to problems arising from social changes and needed for organizational health. Nevertheless his influence on many modern businesses has been enormous. Lyndall Urwick
Urwick was born in England in 1891. He attended Repton and New College, Oxford, and was awarded a B.A. degree in 1913 and a M.A.degree in 1919. He began his career in his family’s glove manufacturing business, Fownes Brothers and Company.
2. The principles of specialization – one group, one function.
3. The principles of coordination – the process of organizing is primarily to ensure coordination.
4. The principles of authority-every group should have a supreme authority with clear line of authority to other members of the group.
5. The principles of responsibility – the superior is absolutely responsible for the acts of his subordinates.
6. The principles of definitions – jobs, with their duties and relationships, should be clear defined.
7. The principles of correspondence – authority should be commensurate with responsibility.
8. The span of control – no one should be responsible for more than 5 – 6 direct subordinates whose work is interlocked.
9. The principles of balance – the various units of the organization should be kept in balance.
10. The principles of continuity – the structure should provide for the continuity of activities